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Impressive year for the US economy

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During the last quarter of 2024, the economy of the United States grew at an annualized pace of 2.3%, according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis. This expansion rate was below the expected 2.6% and signaled a slowdown compared to the 3.1% increase noted in the previous quarter.

In the fourth quarter of 2024, the United States economy expanded at an annualized rate of 2.3%, as reported by the Bureau of Economic Analysis. This growth rate fell short of the anticipated 2.6% and marked a deceleration from the 3.1% growth observed in the third quarter.

Growth in the last quarter was mainly propelled by rises in consumer expenditures and government spending. Household consumption, a crucial part of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), stayed strong, indicating ongoing consumer activity. Government expenses also played a positive role, with significant growth in federal and state spending.

The fourth-quarter growth was primarily driven by increases in consumer spending and government expenditures. Consumer spending, a significant component of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), remained robust, reflecting sustained household consumption. Government spending also contributed positively, with notable increases in both federal and state expenditures.

The 2.3% growth in the fourth quarter marks the slowest quarterly increase since 2018, a time when the economy expanded by 0.6% in that same period. Annually, the economy grew by 2.8% in 2024, just under the 2.9% expansion noted in 2023.

The 2.3% growth rate in Q4 represents the slowest quarterly expansion since 2018, when the economy grew by 0.6% in the fourth quarter. On an annual basis, the economy grew by 2.8% in 2024, slightly below the 2.9% growth recorded in 2023.

Factors Contributing to the Slowdown

  • Reducción de Inversiones: Hubo una caída en las actividades de inversión, lo que compensó en parte las ganancias del gasto de los consumidores y del gobierno.
  • Dinámicas Comerciales: Las importaciones disminuyeron en este período, lo cual, aunque resta en el cálculo del PIB, sugiere cambios potenciales en la demanda interna y ajustes en la cadena de suministro global.
  • Investment Decline: There was a decrease in investment activities, which partially offset the gains from consumer and government spending.
  • Trade Dynamics: Imports decreased during this period, which, while a subtraction in GDP calculation, indicates potential shifts in domestic demand and global supply chain adjustments.

Inflationary Pressures and Policy Implications

Persistent inflation remains a concern, with the Consumer Price Index (CPI) rising to 2.9% in December 2024. This uptick in inflation has led economists to adjust their forecasts, anticipating continued price pressures in the coming year. The Federal Reserve faces the challenge of balancing efforts to control inflation without stifling economic growth.

In spite of prior worries, the labor market showed strength, with the unemployment rate dropping to 4.1% in December 2024. Nonetheless, forecasts indicate a minor rise in unemployment by the close of 2025, signifying potential changes in the labor market as the economy faces continuous challenges.

Perspectivas para 2025

Observing the future, the economic forecast for 2025 offers a varied scenario:

Looking ahead, the economic outlook for 2025 presents a mixed picture:

  • Growth Projections: The Congressional Budget Office (CBO) projects a moderation in economic growth, with GDP expected to increase by 1.9% in 2025, down from an estimated 2.3% in 2024.
  • cbo.gov
  • Inflation Expectations: Economists anticipate that inflation will remain above the Federal Reserve’s 2% target, influenced by factors such as ongoing supply chain disruptions and policy decisions.
  • reuters.com
  • Policy Considerations: Proposed tariffs and stricter immigration policies could exert additional inflationary pressures and impact labor market dynamics, necessitating careful monitoring and policy adjustments. 
By Karem Wintourd Penn

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